最高人民法院关于审理垄断民事纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定（公开征求意见稿）(5)
<DIV style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; MARGIN: 0px; LETTER-SPACING: normal; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; text-size-adjust: 100%'> 二、相关市场界定</STRONG></DIV><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 第十六条</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 原告主张被诉垄断行为违反反垄断法的，一般应当界定被诉垄断行为所影响的相关市场并提供证据或者说明理由。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 原告以被诉垄断行为人在相关市场的市场份额为由主张其具有显著的市场力量或者市场支配地位的，应当界定相关市场并提供证据或者说明理由。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 原告提供证据足以直接证明被诉垄断协议的经营者具有显著的市场力量，被诉滥用市场支配地位的经营者具有市场支配地位，或者被诉垄断行为具有排除、限制竞争效果的，原告可以不再对相关市场的界定承担证明责任。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 被诉垄断行为属于反垄断法第十七条第一项至第五项和第十八条第一款第一项、第二项规定的情形的，原告对相关市场界定不承担证明责任。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 第十七条</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 人民法院界定经营者在一定时期内就特定商品或者服务（以下统称商品）进行竞争的相关商品市场和相关地域市场，可以根据案件具体情况，以被诉垄断行为直接涉及的特定商品为基础，从需求者角度进行需求替代分析；供给替代对经营者行为产生的竞争约束类似于需求替代的，也可以从供给者角度进行供给替代分析。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 人民法院界定相关商品市场和相关地域市场，可以采用假定垄断者测试的分析方法，一般选择使用价格上涨的假定垄断者测试方法；经营者之间的竞争主要表现为质量、多样性、创新等非价格竞争的，可以选择质量下降、成本上升等假定垄断者测试方法。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 第十八条</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 人民法院从需求替代的角度分析界定相关商品市场时，一般根据需求者对于商品特性、功能和用途的需求、质量的认可、价格的接受以及获取的难易程度等因素，确定由需求者认为具有较为紧密替代关系的一组或者一类商品所构成的市场为相关商品市场。从供给替代的角度分析界定相关商品市场时，可以综合考虑其他经营者进入市场的意图和能力、承担的成本与风险、克服的市场障碍、需要的时间等因素。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 分析界定互联网平台所涉相关商品市场时，结合被诉垄断行为的特点、产生或者可能产生排除、限制竞争效果的具体情况、互联网平台的类型等因素，可以选择根据特定互联网平台整体界定相关商品市场，也可以选择依据该互联网平台与被诉垄断行为最相关一边的商品界定相关商品市场。特定互联网平台存在跨边网络效应，并给该互联网平台经营者施加了足够的竞争约束的，可以依据该互联网平台整体界定相关商品市场，也可以根据跨边网络效应所涉及的多边市场分别界定多个相关商品市场，并考虑各个相关商品市场之间的相互关系和影响。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 第十九条</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 人民法院从需求替代的角度分析界定相关地域市场时，可以综合考虑需求者因商品价格或者其他竞争因素的变化而转向其他地域购买商品的情况、商品的运输成本和运输特征、多数需求者选择商品的实际区域和主要经营者商品的销售分布、地域间的市场障碍、特定区域需求者偏好等因素。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 从供给替代的角度分析界定相关地域市场时，可以综合考虑其他地域的经营者对商品价格等竞争因素的变化作出的反应、其他地域的经营者供应或者销售相关商品的及时性和可行性等因素。</SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, 宋体; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: 400; COLOR: rgb(47,47,47); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'> 分析界定互联网平台所涉相关地域市场，可以重点考虑多数需求者选择商品的实际区域、需求者的语言偏好和消费习惯、相关法律法规的要求、其他地域竞争者的现状及其进入市场的及时性等因素。</SPAN>
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