英美契约法上的信赖利益与期待利益初探/李强

英美契约法上的信赖利益与期待利益初探/李强
英美契约法上的信赖利益与期待利益初探
On Reliance Interest and Expectation interest in Anglo-American Contract Law

关键词：信赖利益期待利益有效违约损害赔偿

中文摘要：本文力图通过案例的形式说明信赖利益与期待利益在英美契约法损害赔偿理论上的重要意义。文章首先分析了信赖利益与期待利益在适用上的区别，在损害结果相对可以确定，而个案的判决将在整体上激励交易双方降低交易成本的情况之下，信赖利益的适用将显得更为合理。此后，文章以案例为依据分析了英美法上信赖利益的具体涵义，指出这一概念既指在合同成立以前，基于对先契约义务的违反而产生的损害赔偿，也包括合同有效成立以后，因一方解约而导致的类似于“恢复原状”的损害赔偿。最后，文章就波斯纳的有效违约理论对英美契约法上的损害赔偿原则所提出的挑战进行了有针对性的分析，并提出了自己的不同意见。

Key word: reliance interest expectation interest valid contract breaking damage compensation

Abstract: The author, by means of leading cases, tries to specify the importance of reliance interest and expectation interest in theory of damage compensation in Anglo-American Contract Law. Firstly, the thesis analyzes the applicable differences between reliance interest and expectation interest. When damages can be relatively definite and the judgement of some case will urges both parties to reduce cost of bargain, reliance interest is a better choice. Secondly, through some cases, the author concludes that reliance interest in Anglo-American Contract Law is referred to not only damage compensation for the breach of pre-contract obligations but also damage compensation for the breach of contract obligation. In the end, on Posner's theory of valid contract breaking, which challenges traditional principle of damage compensation, the thesis gives its opposite opinion.

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