论担保物权在破产程序中的实现(上)/许德风(13)
[14] 该自主出卖权指在享有该权利时,债权人可以自主出卖担保物,而无需申请法院强制执行。该制度目前规定在美国大约25个州的州法之中,尤其在抵押信托的安排中,若约定了该条款,则受托人可直接为抵押权人的利益出卖抵押物,无需经过抵押人的同意。LoPucki et al., Secured Credit: A Systems Approach, 4th. ed., New York, Aspen Publishers, 2003, p. 33.
[15] 11 USC § 362(k).
[16] LoPucki et al., supra note 14, p. 100.
[17] 在1994年修改破产法之前,362(e)仅规定正式听证应在预听证结束后30日内召开,这次修订后的法律对正式听证作出结论的截止日期作出了限制,除非基于特定原因将期限延长,否则应在预听证结束后30日内作出结论。该修订的目的是为了降低破产程序的成本,避免破产程序的无限期拖延。140 Cong. Rec. H. 10764 (Okt. 1994). 实务中,也有意见认为,该时限的规定较为紧张,破产法院很难对债务人财产作出全面仔细的评估(9B Am Jur 2d, § 1746)。
[18] Ayer et al., An Overview of the Automatic Stay, 12-03/1-04 ABI Journal 16, 72 (2004).
[19] Notes of Committee on the Judiciary, Senate Report No. 95-989, § 361.
[20] “The purpose of providing adequate protection is to insure that a creditor receives the value for which it bargained pre-bankruptcy.” In re O'Connor, 808 F.2d 1393, 1396 (10th Cir.1987).
[21] In re Elmira Litho, Inc., 174 B.R. 892, 902 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1994).
[22] LoPucki et al., supra note 14, p. 600.
[23] H.R. Rep. No. 95-595, 95th Cong., 2d Sess. 54 (1978).
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