从两大法系代理法对比浅谈我国商事代理制度的完善/杜鹃
从两大法系代理法对比
浅谈我国商事代理制度的完善
作者:杜鹃
Abstract
This text firstly clarifies the definition of commercial agency and points out the characteristics which make commercial agency different from civil agency. As a result, the law which is going to be established for the commercial agency must be the suitable one to these characteristics.And then the author contracts the Civil Law Legal Systerm’s theory of separation and the Common Law Legal System’s theory of identity and illustrates that the theory of undisclosed agency fits the characteristics of commercial agency nicely. Besides, now the direction of agency systerm’s develop is amalgamation of the two legal systerms. The actual state of affairs in China of the agency systerm is not reasonable. The author advances some suggestions to these problems.
中文提要
本文首先明确了作者对商事代理概念的理解,指出商事代理不同于民事代理而独具广泛、多变、快捷、流转等特点,所以,调整商事代理的法律规范也应该根据商事代理的特点作相应规定。之后,本文从比较两大法系代理制度理论基础,即区别论与等同论的异同入手,指出区别论的特点在于严格区分委任合同与代理权限,而等同论的特点在于将代理人的行为等同于被代理人的行为。经过比较,英美法系不存在大陆法上的直接代理与间接代理的划分,大陆法系则缺乏英美法系中的隐名代理和不公开被代理人身份的代理制度。从某种意义上来说,英美法系显名代理、隐名代理及不公开被代理人身份的代理的分类,更适合商事代理迅捷、高效的特点。尤其不公开被代理人身份的代理的有关制度是比较先进的。而目前的发展趋势,则是两大法系代理制度规定在逐渐相互借鉴相互融合。本文分析了我国商事代理制度的现状,指出了法律实践与制度的脱节。本文主张,从巩固理论基础——民法通则及相关法律制度、改良引入英美法系代理制度、注重理论与实践的结合几个方面来完善我国商事代理制度。
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