简明反垄断法法英文指南/赵庆庆译(18)
美国目前正处于企业合并的大潮之中。在Hart-Scott-Rodino法规制之下的合并案记录已从1991年的1529宗上升到1997年3702宗，上升了142个百分点。在此期间，联邦贸易委员会成功地阻止了大量潜在的合并，为消费者挽回了可能因支付更高的价格而引起的数百万美元的损失。鉴别和规制反竞争性的合并是一项十分艰巨的工作，它可能要花费大量的调查时间并经历多次的诉讼。
Most mergers actually benefit competition and consumers by allowing firms to operate more efficiently. But some are likely to lessen competition. That, in turn, can lead to higher prices, reduced availability of goods or services, lower quality of products, and less innovation. Indeed, some mergers create a concentrated market, while others enable a single firm to raise prices.
多数合并实际上因其使公司的运营更富有效率而使市场竞争和消费者受益。但也存在一些可能弱化竞争的合并。这种合并多导致高价格；商品和服务的效用或厂品的质量的降低；及技术革新迟缓。实际情况是，一些合并形成了一集中的市场，其它的则只是使个别公司提高价格。
In a concentrated market, there are only a few firms. The danger is that they may find it easier to lessen competition by colluding. For example, they may agree on the prices they will charge consumers. The collusion could be in an explicit agreement, or in a more subtle form -- known as tacit coordination or coordinated interaction. Firms may prefer to cooperate tacitly rather than explicitly because tacit agreements are more difficult to detect, and some explicit agreements may be subject to criminal prosecution.
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