简明反垄断法法英文指南/赵庆庆译(20)
总的来说，一项可能有反竞争性影响的合并至少应包含两个条件：市场在合并后极可能是充分集中的；这种市场对于一家新的公司来说，其在早期是很难进入市场并提供有效竞争。第二个条件的原因是：倘若一家新的公司可以平等地且很容易地进入市场，从而使价格降低，那么市场上原有的公司将价格提高到一个限制竞争的水平的可能性就很小。
Under these conditions, one of three basic kinds of mergers might facilitate coordinated or unilateral anticompetitive behavior: horizontal mergers, which involve two competitors; vertical mergers, which involve firms in a buyer-seller relationship; and potential competition -- or conglomerate mergers -- in which one of the firms is likely to enter the market and become a potential competitor of the other.
在这些条件下，one of three basic kinds of mergers might facilitate coordinated or unilateral anticompetitive behavior:两个竞争者之间的横向合并；相互间有买卖关系的几家公司间的纵向合并；以及潜在竞争-- or conglomerate mergers – 即一家公司试图进入某一市场，他就成了市场上原有公司的潜在竞争者。
Horizontal mergers
横向合并
In a horizontal merger, the acquisition of a competitor could increase market concentration and increase the likelihood of collusion. The elimination of head-to-head competition between two leading firms may result in unilateral anticompetitive effects.
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