简明反垄断法法英文指南/赵庆庆译(31)
问：我拥有一家服装零售店，Brand公司拒绝将其生产的一系列服装出售给我。这些服装在本地区甚为畅销，所以Brand公司的政策损害了我的经营。Brand公司拒绝向我出售其厂品的行为是非法的吗？
答：倘若这种拒绝是基于Brand公司和你的竞争者所签署的协定，那它就是非法的。若不存在协定，反托拉斯法允许制造商有实质性区别地选择其愿意与之交易的代理商。事实上，制造商在选择其代理商时是出于多方面考虑的：包括对代理其全系列产品的代理商情有独钟；或是为了保持某一系列产品的市场形象；保持最低限度销售以使销售成本最小化的能力。只要制造商的行动是单方面的且不是垄断市场计划的一部分，反托拉斯法就不会干涉企业所做出的此类商业决定。
Q: I operate two stores that sell recorded music. My business is being ruined by giant discount store chains that sell their products for less than my wholesale cost. I thought there were laws against price discrimination, but I can’t afford the legal fees to fight the big corporations. Can you help?
A: Although it appears that the discount chains are receiving their recorded music products at a lower wholesale price, it may be because it costs a manufacturer less, on a per-unit basis, to deal with large volume customers. If so, the manufacturer may have a "cost justification" defense to the differential pricing and the policy would not violate the Robinson-Patman Act. However, if the wholesale price differences are not justified on the basis of cost or other differences, and retail competition is being harmed to the detriment of consumers, antitrust authorities would want to know about the situation.
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