简明反垄断法法英文指南/赵庆庆译(7)
如果厂商们不采用电源和插座的行业统一标准会有什么情况发生呢?极可能导致不同厂商制造的零部件相互之间不相容。由于统一标准的存在，不同公司制造的零部件变得可以通用，于是此类零部件市场的竞争加强了，从而使其价格回落。
Illegal Business Practices
非法商事行为
Horizontal agreements among competitors:
Agreements among parties in a competing relationship can raise antitrust suspicions. Competitors may be agreeing to restrict competition among themselves. Antitrust authorities must investigate the effect and purpose of an agreement to determine its legality.
竞争者间的横向协定： 相互之间有竞争关系的市场主体间的协定很可能引起反托拉斯当局的怀疑。竞争们可能协商在他们自己之间进行限制竞争。反托拉斯当局需要通过调查该协定的影响和目的来确认其合法性。
Agreements on price. Agreements about price or price-related matters such as credit terms potentially are the most serious. That’s because price often is the principal way that firms compete. A "naked" agreement on price -- where the agreement is not reasonably related to the firms’ business operations -- is illegal. Hard core -- clear or blatant -- price-fixing is subject to criminal prosecution.
价格协定。关于价格或诸如信用证条款等有关价格事项的协定是极具潜在危害性的。这是因为价格通常是商家之间竞争的最主要的手段。一项与公司的商业运作不适当地联系在一起的纯价格协定是非法的。Hard core -- clear or blatant -- price-fixing is subject to criminal prosecution. 限价行为不论其是清晰的还是极为显著的，都将面临到刑事指控。
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