我国的民事诉讼证据制度问题/张纽约(3)
For a long time, our country receives original Soviet Union and socialist state of Eastern Europe’s philosophy thought and political opinion, and implements the evidence system of " seeking truth from facts ". It requires taking" seeking truth from facts " as the principle when the judge is checking and judging the evidence, and taking " objective and true "as the standard, emphasizing a judge must take the objective and true of the case as a basis to decide a case, give judge great judging right. The prove requiring of pursuing " objective and true " lawsuit excessively, is not according with the real lawsuit of our country and Marxist philosophy of epistemology in essence.
In order to set up the evidence system which accords with the distinct Chinese characteristics with real lawsuit of our country, we should change the original lawsuit idea, define the case fact that a judge investigates and collects evidence is taking place in the past at first, it is impossible to reappear in the court completely. Judging the fact of case that is made by judge with his experience and reasoning, and it is very difficult to accomplish 100% degree of finding out the fact of case in practice. So we should from pursuing " objective and true " identification require, to pursue identification that " law is true " require, change the original prove standard of one unified, establish civil action of " high probability " prove standard, and regard it as the ultimate goal of our lawsuit with " objective and true ". Second, we should change the old principle and standard of judging and examining evidence, establish the principle of " the judge examines and judges the evidence independently in accordance with the law " with characteristic of Chinese and standard that " the law is true ", acknowledge the rationality and legitimacy of judge's heart card, ensure judge's heart to be free.
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