从法律视角逐条分析跟单信用证统一惯例（UCP600）第4条/居松南
何谓信用证独立于贸易合同
--从法律视角逐条分析跟单信用证统一惯例（UCP600）第4条
居松南
Article 4 Credits v. Contracts
a. A credit by its nature is a separate transaction from the sale or other contract on which it may be based. Banks are in no way concerned with or bound by such contract, even if any reference whatsoever to it is included in the credit. Consequently, the undertaking of a bank to honour, to negotiate or to fulfil any other obligation under the credit is not subject to claims or defences by the applicant resulting from its relationships with the issuing bank or the beneficiary.
A beneficiary can in no case avail itself of the contractual relationships existing between banks or between the applicant and the issuing bank.
a. 就性质而言，信用证与可能作为其依据的销售合同或其它合同，是相互独立的交易。即使信用证中提及该合同，银行亦与该合同完全无关，且不受其约束。因此，一家银行作出兑付、议付或履行信用证项下其它义务的承诺，并不受申请人与开证行之间或与受益人之间在已有关系下产生的索偿或抗辩的制约。
受益人在任何情况下，不得利用银行之间或申请人与开证行之间的契约关系。
b. An issuing bank should discourage any attempt by the applicant to include, as an integral part of the credit, copies of the underlying contract, proforma invoice and the like.
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